The implanted venous access port device is a drug delivery system for the delivery of fluids, drugs, or for the drawing of blood samples. The device has the capability to be accessed repeatedly with a Huber needle. The venous port consists of an implantable stainless steel port, with a septum that is self-sealing.
The major risk with the implanted port is infection, a bacterial infection can cause the port to have to be removed and can jeopardize the health of the patient. Aseptic technique should always be used when accessing, deaccessing, or dressing the site. Another complication can be the formation of a blood clot in the catheter. The blood clots can block the device. In order to prevent this problem, the catheter is flushed with saline or heparin as ordered by the health care provider or by the protocol of the facility.
The failure of the mechanical device is possible, although extremely unlikely. Usually what happens in this case, is the catheter that is attached to the device breaks away and if this happens, surgery will be necessary to remove the device and catheter. Normally the patient is not aware of this happening, but it is discovered because the port cannot be flushed or blood cannot be withdrawn.
An additional risk that can occur with the use of the device in children, is that as they grow, the device may move. A pneumothorax, which is an injury to the lung, can also occur with the insertion of the device.
Risk involving the Huber needle, starts with the possible needle stick injuries of the clinician because of the sharpness of the needle itself. It is common for there to be a rebound injury because of the unusual force that is needed to push the needle into the elastic septum. This is troublesome because these implanted access ports are often used for Hepatitis B and AIDS patients.
The Huber needles are designed to emphasize safe and effective needle stick protection. The needle has a safety cover that is to be used in order to help prevent needle sticks. The safety cover helps when removing the Huber needle with one hand, while using the other hand to apply pressure to the access site.
The policies and protocols for proper techniques while accessing and deaccessing the port site with a Huber needle, should be followed carefully. If these protocols are not followed, the chances of an infection or other complications rise dramatically. The dressing that is applied after accessing, should also be changed per facility protocol. Safety and following protocol is always the safest way to help prevent these risks from occurring.
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